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Ply-split braiding
Ply-split braiding is a technique where one twisted cord (“splitter”) passes ''through'' another twisted cord or cords splitting the plies of the latter cords (“splittee” cords). This is unlike weaving or many forms of braiding where cloth is formed by threads interlacing in an over-under sequence. Pattern is formed by cord color, and splitting order.
== History ==
Ply-split braiding is an ancient art that is practiced for making elaborate camel girths and other animal regalia of hand-spun goat hair, wool or sometimes cotton in northwestern India. The first written description of the technique appeared in 1976 with Virginia Harvey's "Split-Ply Twining".〔"Split-Ply-Twining", Virginia I. Harvey (1976)"Threads in Action", Monograph I, HTH Publishers, Santa Ana, California〕 In the introduction, she describes seeing two camel girths at Convergence 1974, and says that Peter Collingwood "suspected the pieces were produced by pulling one yarn through the ply of another". The ply-split girths examined for this publication were created with only one technique, now known as single course oblique twining (SCOT).
In 1974 and 1975, two graduate students from UCLA conducted field research in Rajasthan and Gujarat in north-western India. They were introduced to Ishwar Singh, a master girth maker, who spent several weeks with them demonstrating the construction of the girths. Their 1982 publication, "The Ply-Split Camel Girths of West India" 〔"Ply-split Camel Girths of West India",Betsy D. Quick & Judith A. Stein (1982) Pamphlet Series Vol. 1, Number 7, Museum of Cultural History, University of California, Los Angeles.〕 was the first to document the entire traditional process, including spinning, plying, cordmaking, and three structures of ply-splitting. These are SCOT, mentioned above, as well as plain oblique twining (POT) and two-layered oblique interlacing (TLOI).
The designs showed prominence in the market and were even used to decorate camels for wedding processions.〔“Ply-split Braiding: From Camel Girth to Contemporary Craft” http://lsa.uoregon.edu/newsletter04/0411news.html#ply〕〔"Camel regalia", Julie Hedges (2011), Selvedge issue 38 Jan/Feb 2011.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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